The Philippine Revolution represents the battles between the people of the Philippines and the Spanish colonial authorities

THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION (1896 TO 1898)

The Philippine Revolution began in August 1896, upon the discovery of the anti-colonial secret organization Katipunan by the Spanish authorities.

The Katipunan, led by Andres Bonifacio, was a secessionist movement and shadow government spread throughout much of the islands whose goal was independence from Spain through armed revolt. Bonifacio called for a simultaneous coordinated attack on the capital Manila. This attack failed, but the surrounding provinces also rose up in revolt. In particular, rebels in Cavite led by Emilio Aguinaldo won early victories.

A power struggle among the revolutionaries led to Bonifacio's execution in 1897, with command shifting to Aguinaldo who led his own revolutionary government. That year, a truce was officially reached with the Pact of Biak-na-Bato and Aguinaldo was exiled to Hong Kong, though hostilities between rebels and the Spanish government never actually ceased.

In 1898, with the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, Aguinaldo returned to the Philippines and resumed hostilities against the Spaniards. By June, the rebels had conquered nearly all Spanish-held ground within the Philippines with the exception of Manila. Aguinaldo thus declared independence from Spain and the First Philippine Republic was established. However, neither Spain nor the United States recognized Philippine independence. Spanish rule in the islands only officially ended with the 1898 Treaty of Paris, wherein Spain ceded the Philippines and other territories to the United States.

Many of the military leaders and generals also served in the Philippine-American War which followed:

Leaders:

Emilio Aguinaldo, President of First Philippine Republic
Andres Bonifacio, Leader of the Katipunan
George Dewey (Admiral of US Navy)

Generals (incomplete list):

Artemio Ricarte, Commanding General of the Philippine Army (22 March 1897 to 22 Jan 1899)
Edilberto Evangelista, killed at the battle of Zapote Bridge, February 1897
Agueda Kahabagan

Emilio Aguinaldo, Birth Centenary

#1010, 23 Jan 1969